Ammonia-compressor.



No. 6s|,|a4. Patented Nov. s, |900. T. LuuLow.

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NTTED STATES PATENT OFFTCE.,v

vJAMES T. IIUDLOW, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE VULOAN IRON WORKS, OF SAME PLACE.

4AMMONIA-COMPRESSOR.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 661,184:` dated 1`\l'ove1n1`lc`1er 6, 1900. Application filed October 3l, 1895i. Serial No. 695,097. (No modelo.

To a/ZZ whom t may concern:

Beit known that I, JAMES T. LUDLow, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of San Francisco and State 0f California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ammonia-Compressors; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

My invention relates to ammonia-compressors; and it consists in certain improvements therein hereinafter described and claimed, and which relate t0 the arrangement of the inlet for the gas into the compressor, the construction for confining the oil within the casing and separating it from the cylinder and from the entering gas, the proper lubrication of the crank-pin and sliding box, the compensation for wear in the yoke in which the sliding crank-pin box is seated, the construction and arrangement of the relief-valve, the construction of a dirt or scale trap or receiver, and other features,the object of all of which is generally to improve the compressor.

Special objects will be explained in connection with the several improvements.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a part elevation and part vertical section of my compressor. Fig. 2 is a vertical section at right angles to Fig. l.

A is a base, to which are secured the legs b of the shell or casing B, which on one side is fitted with a removable head b' to afford access to the in ferior and on the other is provided with a bearing b2 for the shaft C. The

shell or casing B has below a depending guidechamber b3 and above a cylinder D, havinga Water-jacket (l and having its top fitted with the valve-controlled cap E, forming the discharge into the pipe system, of Which pipe c represents the beginning. Within cylinder D is the piston F, having the portsf and controlling-valve f. The rod G of said piston passes down into the shell or casing B and is provided With a yoke g and a downwardlyi extending guide-rod g', which plays into the guide-chamber b3. Within the yoke g is mounted a sliding box H, in which is jour- -fnaled the cran k-pin cof the crank c' of shaft C, whereby the piston is reciprocated. Within the shell or casing B is a body of oil, of' which the level may be represented by the line o o.

ties, I place within the cylinder D, at or near its lower end, an annular packing-ring I, which is fitted to an annular seat t" and embraces the rod G of` piston F. The packingring I is preferably a split one, divided, Say, into three parts, with a Hat spring to each part, this construction being for the sake of readily tting it to its seat. Its effectin this position Vis to separate the cylinder from the casing B, and as I introduce the ammonia to the cylinder through the passage J ata point above the packing-ring the gas is kept from contact with the oil; but a further and important advantage of the packing-ring lies in the fact thatit keeps the oil from being raised and passing over into the pipe system. A small quantity, capable of being regulated to a certain extent by the tightness of the packing, can be allowed to force itself over for 1ubricating purposes.

In many compressors the ammonia is taken in without having passed 'through any dirt or scale trap or receiver. The ammonia, through its cleansing action upon the pipes of the system through which it circulates or is expanded, causes the dirt or scale, and this when admitted to the cylinder wears and pits the valves and dirties the oil. In some cases a dirt trap or receiver is let into the suctionpipe separate and apart from the compressor. In my construction I form the dirt or scale trap or receiver K as part of the same-casting as the shell or casing B. On one side thereof, near its upper portion and still as the same casting, I form the inlet-passage J from the receiver into the cylinder. The suction-pipe L is let into the top vof the scale trap or receiver, and the latter is fitted with a controllable bottom opening k to draw off ythe sediment. This construction simplifies the manufacture of the compressor, making of the roo' general frame a single casting, as shown. It also places the dirt or scale trap conveniently and enables the connecting-passage J to be Well located and to enter the cylinder at the proper place above the annular packing-ring I. It also makes the compressor more complete in itself, rendering it independent to that extent of the pipe system.

In order to lubricate the cranlcpin c and the yoke in which the box H slides, I make a hole g2 lengthwise through the depending guide-rod g. This hole communicates at its upper end with a groove g3 in the base of yoke g, and in the box H is made a hole h, which passes up to the crank-pin. A certain amount of oil will pass down by the guiderod g' into the guide-chaml'ier b3, and as the rod descends the oil will be forced up through the hole g2 and enter the groove g3, thereby keeping the )oke lubricated for the sliding box. The oil will also pass up through hole 71. in the box and lnbricare the crank-pin.

As the pressure upon the sliding box is very great, the wear upon the yoke is excessive. To compensate for this, I introduce upon the under side of the top piece of the yoke a separate wearing-piece g4 to receive this Wear. bottom and end pieces bolted together, so that the loose or separate wearingpiece may be readily introduced and easily removed when worn for the substitution of another.

M is the relief-valve. Instead of connecting the passage it controls with the pipe system, as is usual, I have so arranged it that its connection m is with the passage J. This affords convenience in construction and renders the compressor more compact and coinplete in itself without dependence upon the The yoke is made of a top andA pipe system, just as in the case of the dirt or scale trap or receiverbeing cast with or formed as a part of the shell or casing, as I have already mentioned.

N N are gage-cocks, and O is an oil-glass.

P is the valve for drawing off oil or letting it in.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In an ammonia-compressor, the combination of a casing, an adjacent cylinder, a piston therein, a guide-chamber opposite said cylinder, a pistomrod for said piston carrying a guide-rod working in said guide-chan1 ber, said rod having an oil-duct adapted to receive oil from said chamber and carry it to the drive connection, and power connections for driving said piston'rod, in said casing, substantially as described.

2. In an ammonia compressor having a shell or casing to contain oil, and an adjacent cylinder with piston and rod, said rod having a yoke with depending guide-rod, a crank-pin seated in a sliding boX in said yoke, whereby the piston is operated, a guide-chamber in which the guide rod works, said chamber comm nnicating with the shell or casing containing the oil, a hole in said guide-rod, to permit the o il to pass therethrough from the guide-chamber, and suitablecommunications from the top of said hole, to permit the oil to reach the crank-pin and box.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

JAMEST. LUDLOW.

Witnesses:

D. B. RICHARDS, WALTER F. VANE. 

